Community Nursing Education on Bioterrorism

Question: Depict about the Community Nursing Education on Bioterrorism? Answer: Rundown of Teaching Plan The point topic: Community Nursing Education on Bioterrorism Explicit mark of the exercises: Long term care office on bioterrorism assault Way of redemption: Mix of talks, online meeting, clinical meeting Two hours address for every week, clinical meeting Kind of Institution: Nursing school or school with an all out undergrad nursing enlistment of understudies Epidemiological reason for theme Nursing is a novel undertaking which incorporates both backhanded and direct exercises that encourage the general wellbeing results. The Baccalaureate programs for the most part encourage decent variety of alternatives in nursing practice which is schematically forested to help the alumni to achieve The Essentials of Baccalaureate Education for Professional Nursing Practice (AACN, 2008). There are a wide assortment of portrayals of the specific practice and these are practice encounters, learning openings, procedures, clinical exercises and so on. The top managerial staff in AACN has framed a particular RN-BSN team to examine the open door for functional and scholarly encounters for the enlisted understudies in RN-BSN educational program. The courses are liable for both the drawn out consideration office administrations with respect to the bioterrorism assault and the network medicinal services administration. Individual understudies accumulate information with respect to the drawn out consideration office administrations in regards to the bioterrorism assault how the planned structure can be applied for guaranteeing the better human services to the specialist co-op (Fowler, 2012). The populace based social insurance framework is shown in the talk meeting. The people group nursing is a basic part of the national network wellbeing administrations. It includes the area medical caretakers, wellbeing guests, pediatric and emotional well-being reconnaissance attendants (BRUNERO, KERR and JASTRZAB, 2009). They need to perceive any sort of ailment flare-up brought about by bioterrorism action and give adequate consideration in network and social human services set up (Josephsen, 2013). Next, we should come to point that, what are the obligations and undertaking to be performed by medical caretakers. Primarily, the errand performed by them is for instance that conveying crisis care and prescriptions in unexpected beginning of ailment endemic because of bioterrorist action. They ought to likewise give crisis medications and intravenous anti-microbials to spare the individuals in the network from serious disease. By and large course objective The method of reasoning of the specific course is to prepare the network wellbeing medical attendants about how to sort out the network care in bioterrorism endemic and furthermore how to spare the existence with most elevated exertion (Avances de investigacin, 2011). Learning destinations After consummation of the showing meeting, you would be proficient to characterize the accompanying Meaning of bioterrorism, separation of it from the mass causality mishap and criminal act Signs and side effects of the regular natural operators utilized for bioterrorism assault Treatment and the executives techniques: syndromic observation program, network care plan, salvage arranging, crisis control administration Reasonable PPE utilized for guaranteeing the wellbeing of network medicinal services attendants Wellbeing ready system strategy care plan Office readiness conspire (Chastain and Lipke, 2014) Learning Framework and Evaluation Specific instructional exercise objective Students have bountifully drawn in themselves in the course work. Introduction to the course work, the participants having no clue about the network human services designs in bioterrorist assault, normalized result and essential schematic on the topic (Lovecchio, DiMattio Hudacek, 2012) The mentor should present the particular exercise with most extreme exertion to adapt up to understudy needs. The pre-decided learning design is utilized and some alluded course readings are perused for information gathering (Luthy, Beckstrand Callister, 2012). Epidemiological method of reasoning for point Meaning of Bioterrorism Bioterrorism is a particular kind of psychological warfare practice in which the radiation and shoot weapons are not utilized as assaulting specialist. Organic weapons are used to assault the pre-decided nation or network (D. Loike, 2012). Natural Weapons Pathogens like microorganisms or infections are utilized as organic weapons to intervene the bioterrorism assault. These specific ever-hurting pathogens or organic operators are uniquely called as natural weapons. The organic weapons ruin the life in the focused on populace or network. The natural operators or microorganisms are utilized for psychological militant movement. The primary concern is that the separate pathogens or microorganisms are imperceptible to the natural eye. Some poisonous synthetic compounds or substances of exogenous root can likewise be utilized as organic weapons for bioterrorism assault (Estes, 2010). Danger of Bioterrorism Attack The odds of event the bioterrorism movement are not known beforehand. The administration and wellbeing service has a crisis group for controlling the bioterrorism assault endemic. The disease control plan is likewise orchestrated in such a way, that at early start of the assault certain control care plan can be executed as ahead of schedule as could be expected under the circumstances. The fast analysis is likewise required to begin the treatment and the executives control of the sickness. Network human services experts should take the duties to control the malady endemic and treat the influenced individuals as right on time as could be expected under the circumstances (Oiso, 2012). The operators utilized for bioterrorism There are three kind of particular arrangement with respect to the bioterrorism specialists Gathering An operators This gathering of bioactive operator utilized for bioterrorism assault is for the most part spreading extremely quick and uncontrolled way and the death rate is additionally high in this cases (Radosavljevic, 2012). Bacillus anthracis It is a lot of once in a while happening ailment in human. In any case, on the off chance that it develops, it harms the network with a biggest degree. It spreads quickly and polluted via airborne and food-borne transmission. The ailment or contamination scopes to an endemic and the hazardous nature is likewise especially annihilating in nature. The ailment is infrequently happened in human and often happened in the hoofed creatures like bovines, wild oxen, goats and so forth. It is brought about by a separate bacterium and it structures spores. The created spores are heat safe and furthermore not to be handily wrecked. From the spore, the bacterium is created. The spores of Bacillus anthracis are seen in the dirt in numerous bits of the world (Skingley, 2013). Inoculation is a lot of significant in infection endemic yet it isn't accessible properly. During the crisis condition, the CDC (community for illness Control) should assume the liability to give the treatment and the board of the ailment endemic brought about by bioterrorism movement. Gathering B specialists This gathering of bioactive specialist utilized for bioterrorism assault is by and large spreading tolerably and controllable way and the death rate is moderate in this cases. Plague Plague is likewise a remarkable bacterial infective illnesses brought about by a specific kind of bacterium which cause the disease much of the time in rodents and bugs. The bacterium essentially causes the lung disease and pneumonia. The early signs and indications incorporate migraine, queasiness, fever, hack and once in a while draining is seen with the hacking. The sputum is likewise seen in this disease as conjugated with blood. In the event that early treatment isn't begun, the tainted individual will be dead inside a couple of days. For the most part the air-borne transfusion is the guideline arbiter of this contamination. The sickness is spreading from individual to individual by nose-nose contact. Gathering C operators This gathering of bioactive operator utilized for bioterrorism assault is by and large spreading gradually and controllable way and the death rate is low in this cases. The microorganisms remembers for this gathering are H1N1 flu, SAARS, HIV infection. Middle person of Bioterrorism assault Airborne scattering is the primary go between of the bioterrorism assault. The individual pathogens picked for spreading is splashed to the air for air-borne transmission. At times a portion of the pathogens have no specific smell and these are anything but difficult to spread. Another technique for scattering is experiencing the mail. Assessment of Teaching Experience What and How to Report As per suggestion of CDC (focus of infection control), the accompanying convention is actualized to advise the separate specialists about the simultaneous bioterrorist exercises. Advise the nearby police and managerial specialists. They will pass on the data to the FBI and postal specialists about the event of bioterrorism assault. Advise your state wellbeing office. They will tell the data to the CDC. CDC will take prompt measures. What would it be a good idea for you to do? Try not to get terrified about the abrupt illness episode. Check the ailment event source. In the event that it is happened because of bioterrorism assault, at that point promptly contact with the CDC community and adhere to the guidance given and furthermore set up a syndromic and observation care intend to deal with the infection endemic (Young, 2013). Network Response to educating Network people groups are the fundamental assistance client in the human services administration framework gave by the social insurance experts. Because of the nursing instruction adequacy, the normal result would be watched and the better medicinal services framework is detailed. The ailment enduring and fast treatment and restoring are forested as a general result and reaction to the best possible execution of the preparation program. The understudy reaction is likewise significant for nursing training program. The separate and contemporary changes are required to encourage the demonstrative responsive habits (CULLEY POLYAKOVA-NORWOOD, 2012). The most effective method to react Try not to contact the doubts mail bundles. Try not to spill the powder bundles of obscure source. It tends to be sullied. Leave the zone or district having obscure a

The Brand Perception Impact of Advertising for Starbucks Company Essay

The Brand Perception Impact of Advertising for Starbucks Company - Essay Example These models are created utilizing verifiable deals and showcasing program information. Programming of publicizing media commitment models are utilized for advertising model application (Mathieson, 2005). How does the administration of an organization realize that they have best area conspire How does the administration come to realize that the organization will get expected outcomes from the focused on promoting program plot How the organization will get the piece of the overall industry, development in costs, purchaser's fulfillment and restricting favorable position result However building up an organization position conspire isn't simple. Since organizations don't build up their area conspire on visit premise, yes the alterations will be occur on the phase of item advertise development, in light of natural changes and on restricting powers however it doesn't imply that organization is growing much of the time. After the accomplishment of the item, the organization has the option to change their item plot however not their area conspire in light of the fact that it is difficult for any organization it is possible that they produce their items for a huge scope or from a more minor perspective (Goodchild, 2001). The situation of an organization assumes a basic job in the brand's nature of an organization (Day, 2002). Once in a while a few mistakes are associated with the area plot after the accomplishment of item. ... These area mistakes incorporate; UNDERPOSITIONING: Under situating can happen when the purchasers don't have certain thoughts regarding the organization and its item and don't have clear recognitions with respect to both (Aaker, 1994). OVER POSITIONING: This over situating can happen when the purchasers don't mindful that how much cash ought to be spent on the item since that item is accessible in showcase in a lot less expensive rates (Cravens and Piercy). So purchasers have made their restricted considering the organization, item or brand. Confounded POSITION: Confounded situating occurs in purchasers when the successive changes happen in the area of the brand (David, 1987). So purchasers don't understood that this item is beneficial for them or not. Dicey POSITIONING: An item loses its validity when cases are made on it. Situating AND TARGETING STRATEGIES: At the point when the board takes a choice to focus on a few portions then the situating plan gets testing. The fundamental objective of the executives is to build up a suitable situating plan for each section (Kanuk, 1999). The method of centering situating plan ought to be utilized for each focused on fragment. The brand situating is where representatives give their administrations and tackle the issues of the focused on clients. On the off chance that an organization is on the right area, at that point it gives more advantages and gets separated from others which are vital for pulling in the purchasers (BrandXpress blog, 2005). Research Questions: The point of this examination is to inspect the impacts of marking on the promoting of the Starbucks Company. Targets Research goals include: To audit the writing about this issue up till now. To improve the mindfulness about marking. To dissect the points of interest and burdens joined. To explore

Fake Cocaine Myths, Effects, Risks, and How to Get Help

Fake Cocaine Myths, Effects, Risks, and How to Get Help Addiction Drug Use Cocaine Print What to Know About Fake Cocaine Use By Buddy T facebook twitter Buddy T is an anonymous writer and founding member of the Online Al-Anon Outreach Committee with decades of experience writing about alcoholism. Learn about our editorial policy Buddy T Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 10, 2019 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on August 30, 2019 Douglas Sacha / Getty Images More in Addiction Drug Use Cocaine Heroin Marijuana Meth Ecstasy/MDMA Hallucinogens Opioids Prescription Medications Alcohol Use Addictive Behaviors Nicotine Use Coping and Recovery In This Article Table of Contents Expand What Does Fake Cocaine Do? Common Side Effects Signs of Use Myths and Common Questions Dependence and Withdrawal How to Get Help View All Back To Top Fake cocaine or bath salts is a designer drug that may contain substances such as methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV) and is avaliable online as a chemical. Users typically snort the powder to get high. As a result, it has been nicknamed fake cocaine. In 2012, Congress passed the Synthetic Drug Abuse Prevention Act which permanently placed 26 types of synthetic cannabinoids and cathinones  into Schedule I of the Controlled Substances Act (CSA).?? Also Known As: Some of the bath salts products that are used as fake cocaine are called Ivory Wave, Bliss, Blue Silk, Charge Plus, White Lightning (not to be confused with moonshine), Cloud 9, and Energy 1. There are a number of other product names, and they continually change. Most often, however, these products are marketed as bath salts. In attempts to thwart the law, theyve also been labeled as plant food, glass cleaner, and research chemicals. Drug Class: Fake cocaine is classified as a stimulant, which means that it causes increased activity in the body, often leading to feelings of increased energy and alertness. Common Side Effects: Some of the side effects of bath salts include chest pain, rapid pulse, high blood pressure, hallucinations, and paranoia.?? How to Recognize Fake Cocaine Synthetic cathinone usually appears as a white or light tan powder. It is sold in 500-milligram bottles or plastic bags labeled bath salts. The packages may also include labels like for novelty use only or not for human consumption. What Does Fake Cocaine Do? The active ingredient in bath salts products is the designer drug methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV). Its structurally related to cathinone, an active alkaloid found in the khat plant. It is a central nervous system stimulant. MDPV is a class of drug known as a synthetic cathinone, variants of which have been used as ingredients in various bath salts products. Synthetic variants of cathinone can be much more potent than the natural khat product and sometimes very dangerous.?? MDPV is also similar to pyrovalerone, a stimulant first synthesized in 1964. Sold under the trade names Centroton and Thymergix, pyrovalerone is used as an appetite suppressant or for the treatment of chronic fatigue.?? Like other uppers, fake cocaine causes people to experience feelings of euphoria and alertness. Health officials have noted that users of the drug report feelings of empathy, stimulation, alertness, and awareness of senses. The effects are likened to those of methamphetamine, MDMA, and cocaine.?? Fake cocaine can also lead to feelings of anxiety and agitation. Aggression and suicidal thoughts can also occur. The Different Effects of a Cocaine High on Your Body What the Experts Say Research on fake cocaine remains limited. One problem is that the ingredients and formulations used to make these synthetic drugs are not consistent, however, fake cocaine is highly addictive, with effects similar to cocaine and amphetamines.  ?? More research is needed to examine the extent and consequences of fake cocaine use. Off-Label Uses MDPV is not approved for medical use in the United States. MDPV is the most common synthetic cathinone found in the systems of patients admitted to emergency rooms after taking bath salts. How It's Taken Users typically snort the white powder to get high, but it can also be smoked or taken orally. Typically, synthetic cathinone loses its potency when mixed with a solution, so its not commonly injected. However, more recent DEA reports do include this method. Common Side Effects According to the National Institute of Drug Abuse, bath salts have been known to cause:?? Excessively rapid heart rateHigh blood pressureChest painKidney failureDehydrationBreakdown of muscle tissue In addition, there are reports of death due to the abuse of this class of drugs.?? Psychological Effects MDPV has been in circulation since at least 2007 in Germany.?? According to the National Institute on Drug Abuse, some of the reported psychological effects of MDPV and other synthetic cathinones include:?? Paranoia  HallucinationsIncreased sociabilityIncreased sex drivePanic attacksExcited delirium Signs of Use The use of fake cocaine can lead to erratic and unpredictable behavior. Many of the signs that someone is using fake cocaine are similar to cocaine itself. Some of the common signs of use include:?? Changes in moodDilated pupilsRestlessnessHallucinationsAnger or agitationDelusionsParanoiaViolent behaviorPresence of drug paraphernaliaNeglecting responsibilities at home, school, or workFinancial problems Due to the inconsistencies in the formulation, the effects of bath salts can be unpredictable, which increases the risk of accidental overdose. There is no way for people to determine the dose and purity of the substance, so the use of any amount has the potential for overdose. Signs of overdose include seizures, heart palpitations, difficulty breathing, psychosis including paranoia and hallucinations, and severe agitation.?? If you suspect that someone has overdosed on fake cocaine, bath salts, or some other substance, contact emergency services immediately. Myths and Common Questions One of the most common myths about fake cocaine and bath salts is that these substances lead to a zombie-like state in which people become homicidal. One 2012 attack in Miami was widely reported and linked to the use of bath salts. However, the ultimate cause of the attackers behavior remains unknown. While these substances may be anecdotally linked to violent behavior, not enough is yet know about their precise effects to suggest that the use of fake cocaine results in homicidal behavior. Tolerance, Dependence, and Withdrawal Fake cocaine can result in tolerance and dependence. Tolerance is characterized by needing increasingly larger or more frequent amounts of a substance in order to achieve the same effects. Dependence refers to the need to keep taking the drug in order to avoid experiencing symptoms of withdrawal. According to the National Institute of Drug Abuse, users report that taking the drugs trigger an overwhelming desire to use the drugs again.?? How Long Does Fake Cocaine Stay In Your System? Fake cocaine acts quickly with peak effects occurring about 10 to 15 minutes. The effects last about half an hour. ?? The exact half-life of these synthetic drugs have not been determined and may depend upon the ingredients, formulation, the amount used, and method of administration. How Long Drugs Can Be Detected in Your System Addiction The National Institute on Drug Abuse reports that synthetic cathinones can be addictive. Animal studies have revealed that subjects will self-administer these substances, and human users report intense urges to continue taking the drug.?? One 2013 study published in the journal Neuropharmacology found that MDPV, one of the key ingredients found in fake cocaine, was highly addictive in rats. The study indicated that it may be more addictive than methamphetamine. Withdrawal Because these substances are so addictive and withdrawal can have potentially dangerous effects, detox should be performed with the assistance of trained professionals. The severity of withdrawal symptoms can vary and may include:?? depressionanxietytremorsproblems sleepingparanoia How to Get Help Dependence on fake cocaine can be treated successfully with a comprehensive approach. This can include inpatient or outpatient programs, many of which emphasize behavioral treatments to address various aspects of the patients behavior and life. Treatments often utilize cognitive-behavioral therapy that can be performed in individual sessions, through group therapy, or both.?? Other types of support can also be helpful including peer mentoring and support groups. There are no currently approved medications to treat addictions to addiction to fake cocaine or bath salts. Other medications, such as antidepressants, may be used to treat symptoms of co-occurring anxiety and depression. If you feel like you need assistance, contact the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration’s National Helpline at 800-662-4357 or use their online treatment locator. Overcoming Addiction: How to Get It Under Control for Good

The Eyes Of An American Slave - 1599 Words

In the eyes of an American slave, violence was just part of the everyday life. Violence is remembered through slave narratives; stories where former slaves would tell their hardships and struggles of surviving on the plantation. Slave narratives served as a function in providing a first-hand encounter of how slave life was like and how violence destroyed both the slave and the slaveholder. Frederick Douglass, born a slave, was exposed to inhumane violence as he witnessed the treatments of his family members and other slaves on the planation compared to whites. Douglass recognized that slavery was common during the time, but the lack of rights the slaves were granted did not justify. In The Narrative of Frederick Douglass, an American†¦show more content†¦Slave women were forced to comply with the sexual orders given, if they resisted, consequences were in forms of physical beatings. Violence was a willful effort in keeping African women in a state of hopelessness, depriving them of any feelings of control. The women had no choice but to obey, and after generations there were numerous â€Å"mulatto† offspring. At times, women slaves hoped that having sexual activity would increase the chances of having their children be liberated by the slave holder, but at the end, many mulatto kids were forced into slavery. The mulatto child symbolizes domination and vulnerability due to the fact that the white man and the black woman both held a meaning through their color of skin. The white man reflects domination for the reason that he has violently beaten slaves’ hence building fear in them, resulting in slaves to perform hard labor for they feared for their lives. As the color white symbolize pureness, slaveholder did not view objectification as a bad thing, on the contrary, they thought they were doing a good. White men mainly viewed African women as sexual objects that can be used whenever they felt like it, resulting in black women feeling meanin gless for they felt ‘dirty’ in the eyes of

Corporate Scandals That Rocked The Foundations Of The...

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A reflective essay based on an episode of patient care. Free Essays

Introduction This is a reflective essay based on an episode of care that I was directly involved in managing during a community placement. This episode of care will be analysed using up to date references, health care policies and relevant models. Issues and theories relating to leadership qualities and management styles will also be explored, taking into consideration any legal, ethical and political factors that may have impacted on patient care. We will write a custom essay sample on A reflective essay based on an episode of patient care. or any similar topic only for you Order Now Care delivery, delegation and prioritisation will be examined along with team working, risk assessment and patient safety. I will also take into consideration my role as a supervised student nurse and analyse the roles and responsibilities of those supervising me and what influence this has on my practice. These issues will be debated and questioned within the framework of leadership and management theory In order that I could use this situation for my reflection the patient will be referred to as â€Å"Mrs A†. In this assignment confidentiality will be maintained by the use of pseudonyms, this is to maintain privacy and confidentiality in line with the NMC Code of Professional Conduct (NMC, 2008), â€Å"as a registered nurse, midwife or health visitor, you must protect confidential information†, and to â€Å"Treat information about patients and clients as confidential and use it only for the purpose for which it was given.† Starting an extended practice placement as a third year nursing student enables the student to develop their knowledge and skills in management and leadership ready for their role as a qualified adult nurse. During my extended practice placement there were many opportunities to develop these skills and manage my own caseload of patients and arrange many complex aspects of their care. During this placement an 88 year old patient, to be known as Mrs A, was due to be discharged from a rehab centre following recurrent falls, issues with safety at home, and self neglect, the referral had been made by a concerned General Practitioner. Mrs A had spent the last 6 weeks receiving holistic multidisciplinary care, including; intensive physiotherapy, occupational therapy and nursing care. Mrs A had made much improvement and was able to safely administer her own medication. One of the Physiotherapists called Ken, had commented during handover, that Mrs A had seemed confused during their session together, and asked if the nurses would go in and review her. Upon visiting Mrs A it was clearly evident that she was not herself, and seemed confused. Following discussion with my mentor I felt that Mrs A was not safe to administer her own medication. I recommended to the patient to let the rehabilitation staff administer her medication. Mrs A consented to this, thus reducing a great risk of Mrs A causing her-self harm. I delegated to the support workers to obtain a urine sample which was tested and confirmed that Mrs A had a urinary tract infection, antibiotics were prescribed by her GP. The team leader at the rehabilitation centre was informed of Mrs A’s infection and plan to handover the administration of her medication to them, she was happy with this decision and pleased that I had informed her. This episode of care was managed effectively as the underlying cause of the patients confusion was discovered and treated, a risk assessment was completed and a referral was promptly made to medicine management and a dossett box was supplied to Mrs A, to help her manage her own medications safely. All members of the multi-disciplinary team were fully committed to the team approach to care delivery and this facilitated efficient and organised care delivery. The care delivered was patient-centred and teamwork was integral to providing this care. First will be a discussion on the importance of self awareness and how this awareness enabled a more assertive and confidant approach to be made to managing patient care. Self awareness must be considered as the foundation for management and is a vital skill and quality needed in leadership. If you wish to provide care that is of a high standard and improve your own performance as a skilled health care professional you need to manage the cognitive, affective and behavioural self in order to engage effectively in therapeutic relationships. Self awareness is the process of understanding one’s own beliefs, thoughts, motivations, biases and limitations and recognising how they affect the care and services provided (Whetten and Cameron, 2010). Without being self aware, recognising personal and cultural beliefs, and understanding interpersonal strengths and limitations, it is impossible to establish and maintain good relationship with co-workers and patients. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Theory (1954) depicts self-actualisation at the highest level of the hierarchy of needs. This relates to the need to maximise potential and achieve a sense of personal fulfilment, competence, and accomplishment (Maslow, 1954). It is important as a student nurse to be completely aware of strengths and weaknesses, and to be conscious of any limitations, self-awareness helps to exploit strengths and cope with weaknesses (Walshe and Smith, 2006). When organising and planning patient care it is vital to have effective management and leadership skills, this is part of every nurse’s role, and involves planning, delivering and evaluating patient care. These management responsibilities are part of every nurse’s role (Sullivan and Garland, 2010) and to exhibit these professional behaviours demonstrates their value to the organisation (Huber, 1996). To understand nursing management it is crucial to understand what nursing management is and the theory behind it. Managers are defined as â€Å"a member of a specific professional group who manages resources and activities and usually has clearly defined subordinates† (Gopee Galloway, 2009). Another definition of management is a process by which organisational goals are met through the application of skills and the use of resources (Huber, 1996). Borkowski (2010) argues that Douglas McGregor made a significant impact on organisational behaviour and was an American social psychologist that proposed the ‘X-Y’ theory of management and motivation. McGregor (1966) describes the ‘X-Y’ concept as the theory that underpins the practices and attitudes of managers with regard to their employees. Huber (2006) states that theory ‘X’ managers assume that employees are lazy, that they dislike responsibility, would rather be directed, oppose change and desire safety. Theory ‘X’ implies that employees are rational and easily motivated (either by money or threat of punishment); therefore managers need to impose structure and control and be active managers (Huber, 2000). Huber (2000) asserts that the opposing theory, (‘Y’) assumes that people are not lazy and unreliable by nature rather that they are self-directed and creative if well motivated in order to release their true potential. Businenessballs.com (2002) asserts that most managers are inclined towards the ‘X’ theory and usually obtain poor results whereas managers who implement the ‘Y’ theory produce better performance and results thus allowing people to grow and develop (Businessballs.com, 2002). References Borkowski, N. (2009) Organizational behaviour, theory, and design in health care , USA: Jones Bartlett Publishers Cameron, K. and Whetten, D. (2010) Developing Management Skills, USA: Prentice Hall Gopee, N. and Galloway, J. (2009) Leadership in Management in Heathcare, London: Sage Publishers Huber, D. (2006) Leadership and Nursing care Management. 3rd Edn. USA: W.B Saunders Company Maslow, A. (1954) Motivation and Personality, New York: Harper Row McGregor, D. (1966). The human side of enterprise. Leadership and motivation. Cambridge: MA: The MIT Press. Sullivan, E. And Garland, G. (2010) Practical Leadership and Management in Nursing, Essex: Pearson Education Limited Walshe, K. And Smith, J. (2006) Healthcare Management, New York: Open University Press How to cite A reflective essay based on an episode of patient care., Essay examples

Boxer rebellion Essay Example For Students

Boxer rebellion Essay When Japan defeated China in 1895, European powers answered with an order they called, â€Å" carving up the Chinese melon.† Following the division of Africa among European powers, they turned their sights to what they saw as an extremely weak Chinese government. European powers and America began to scramble for what was called â€Å"spheres of interest. † These spheres of interest involved holding leases for all railway and public advantages in different regions of China. Russia got Port Arthur, Britain got the New Territories near the Hong Kong region, Germany got Shantung and America got nothing. America was focusing largely on Guam and the Philippines and had missed the opportunity and so insisted on the â€Å"open-door policy† in China were commercial opportunities were equally available to all Western powers and the political and territorial integrity of China stayed intact. The imperial court responded to this foreign threat by giving aid to various secret societies. Traditionally, secret societies had been formed in opposition to imperial government; as such, they were certainly a threat to the Ch’ing government. However, anti-foreign sentiment had risen so greatly in China that the Empress Dowager,ruler of China, believed that the secret societies could be the leaders in a military deportation of Europeans. This policy reached its crucial period in 1900 with the Boxer Rebellion.The Boxers, or â€Å"The Righteous and Harmonious Fists,† were a religious society that had originally rebelled against the imperial government in Shantung in 1898. They practiced an animistic magic of rituals and spells that they believed made them invulnerable to bullets and pain. The Boxers believed that the expulsion of foreign devils would magically renew Chinese society and begin a new golden age. Much of their discontent, however, was focused on the economic scarcity of the 1890’s. They were a passionate and confident group, full of contempt for authority and violent emotions. In reality, the Boxer Rebellion could hardly be classified as either a rebellion or a war against the Europeans. China was largely under control of regional Governors General these regional officials ignored the Empress Dowager’s instructions and put forth every effort to prevent disorder or any harm coming to foreigners. The Boxer Rebellion, then, existed only in a few places and centered in Beijing. The Boxers laid seize to the foreign compound in Beijing cutting the Embassies off from their countries. The western response was quick and harsh. Within a couple of months, an international force captured and occupied Beijing and forced the imperial government to agree to the most embarrassing terms yet: the Boxer Protocol of 1901. Under the Boxer Protocol, European powers got the right to maintain military forces in the capital, therefore placing the imperial government under arrest. It also suspended civil service exams; demanded a huge amount to be paid to European powers for the losses they suffered, and ordered government officials to be punished for their role in the rebellion. It also suspended all arms imports into the country. The embarrassment of the Boxer Protocols set China on a new course of reform that dramatically put into place all of the reforms, originally proposed by K’ang Yu-wei, prior to the Boxer Uprising. In 1901, the education system was redone to allow girls to attend and study Classics and Confucian studies were changed to the study of Western math, science, engineering, and geography. The civil service examination was also changed to reflect this new teaching method. Finally, in 1905, it was abandoned altogether. China began to send its children to Europe and Japan to study the new subjects. The military was reorganized under Yuan Shih-k’ai, who adopted the Japan and Western style of military discipline and organization. In 1909 the last emperor, Pu Yi, the Hsan-tung emperor, ascended the throne. .u7e10ac082d95276843ccac0852459a80 , .u7e10ac082d95276843ccac0852459a80 .postImageUrl , .u7e10ac082d95276843ccac0852459a80 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u7e10ac082d95276843ccac0852459a80 , .u7e10ac082d95276843ccac0852459a80:hover , .u7e10ac082d95276843ccac0852459a80:visited , .u7e10ac082d95276843ccac0852459a80:active { border:0!important; } .u7e10ac082d95276843ccac0852459a80 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u7e10ac082d95276843ccac0852459a80 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u7e10ac082d95276843ccac0852459a80:active , .u7e10ac082d95276843ccac0852459a80:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u7e10ac082d95276843ccac0852459a80 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u7e10ac082d95276843ccac0852459a80 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u7e10ac082d95276843ccac0852459a80 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u7e10ac082d95276843ccac0852459a80 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u7e10ac082d95276843ccac0852459a80:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u7e10ac082d95276843ccac0852459a80 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u7e10ac082d95276843ccac0852459a80 .u7e10ac082d95276843ccac0852459a80-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u7e10ac082d95276843ccac0852459a80:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Uncanny Relationship of Tim Burton and Johnny Depp Essay Soon there after the Imperial Dynasty was disposed by feuding warlords. The Boxer Rebellion was the last gasp of a dying imperial regime.